三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　【難句19】The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency. (The Economist Nov. 30, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，為一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)，其中被比較的對(duì)象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)needed to…作后置定語(yǔ)體現(xiàn)被動(dòng)。其中主語(yǔ)energy由過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定語(yǔ)體現(xiàn)被動(dòng);句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】燃燒前將氧氣從空氣中分離所需的能源幾乎不亞于上述將氮?dú)膺^(guò)濾所需的耗費(fèi)，這就使得兩者在效率損失上不相上下。

　　【難句20】Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too. (The Economist Jun. 15, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句不難，逗號(hào)前為主句Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs,使用了too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)，句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)outsourcing not just their non�瞔ore activities but essential ones too作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明reduce costs的具體內(nèi)容。

　　【參考譯文】有些大的制造商和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商熱衷于降低成本，不僅把非核心業(yè)務(wù)外包，而且連核心業(yè)務(wù)也不放過(guò)。

　　【難句21】The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels. (The Sunday Times Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復(fù)合句。逗號(hào)前為主句，是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，其中謂語(yǔ)shows的賓語(yǔ)由that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充當(dāng)。現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels作狀語(yǔ)，我們可以理解其為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，注意增加的幅度用介詞by表示。句末的過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比較狀語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】研究表明，《時(shí)代》排名前100名的畢業(yè)生雇主單位中有將近一半計(jì)劃今年將擴(kuò)大畢業(yè)生接收規(guī)模，為新的畢業(yè)生增加可利用的空缺職位數(shù)量，這個(gè)數(shù)量與2006年的新成員水平相比，會(huì)增加10%以上。

　　【難句22】The trouble is, as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health you’re back at your desk, facing the same situation that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place. (Times Online Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主干是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)The trouble is…，其中表語(yǔ)部分由從句充當(dāng)。在表語(yǔ)從句中，包含as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health，翻譯為“一……就……”�，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)facing the same situation…作you’re back at your desk的伴隨狀語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place修飾先行詞the same situation，that在從句中作主語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】問(wèn)題是，一旦你得到清楚的健康證明，你就得立刻回到你的辦公桌，并且首先就要面對(duì)與原來(lái)曾導(dǎo)致沮喪和強(qiáng)迫性行為問(wèn)題的同樣的情形。

　　【難句23】Drivers can instruct their car stereos to “play similar”, prompting the system to call up songs in the same musical genre. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，主干是一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)：Drivers can instruct their car stereos to “play similar”,其中不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to “play similar”構(gòu)成了instruct their cars的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)prompting the system to call up songs in the same musical genre作instruct their car stereos to “play similar”的狀語(yǔ)，我們可以理解為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，在這里，prompt后也采用了不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to call up songs in the same musical genre與the system一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的形式。

　　【參考譯文】駕駛者可以指令車(chē)內(nèi)立體聲設(shè)備“播放相似音樂(lè)”，提示系統(tǒng)集合相同風(fēng)格的音樂(lè)。

　　【難句24】Having succeeded as a convenient vehicle for every conceivable political and commercial slogan, the threads themselves are becoming the newest message, logically enough. (Time Jan. 18, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句中的主語(yǔ)與從句中的主語(yǔ)一致，從句中省去主謂，造成分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的形式，我們可以還原為since the threads have succeeded as…主句部分是the threads themselves are becoming the newest message,句末的 logically enough是狀語(yǔ)，在翻譯時(shí)，我們可以轉(zhuǎn)譯為be becoming the newest message的補(bǔ)充部分。

　　【參考譯文】成功作為政治和商業(yè)口號(hào)的一種便捷媒介物，(T恤)衣服本身也成了最新的信息，這種情況(的發(fā)生)合乎邏輯。

　　【難句25】Some of the biggest venture capital firms are raising large funds, targeting more established companies, and increasingly setting their sights abroad. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，主句為Some of the biggest venture capital firms are raising large funds,兩個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)targeting more established companies和increasingly setting their sights abroad由and并列，作全句的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】某些大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司正在籌集大量的資金，他們的目標(biāo)是已經(jīng)穩(wěn)定的企業(yè)，并且日益將目光投向海外市場(chǎng)。