一致關系包括主語與謂語，代詞與所指代的名詞必須在人稱、數(shù)、性等方面保持一致。

　　(一)主謂一致

　　主謂一致指的是謂語動詞必須和主語保持一致，現(xiàn)將開始中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的幾種主謂一致情況歸納如下。

　　1.在名詞/代詞+介詞短語作主語中，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)不受這些短語的影響。

　　together with　along with　as well as　accompanied by

　　no less than　rather than　more thanas much as

　　She as well as the other students has learned how to install this electric equipment.她和其他同學一樣，也學會了如何安裝這種電器設備。

　　She, as much as her parents, was responsible for the matter.

　　The boy, more than anyone else, is fatter.

　　My license rather than my credit cards was lost.

　　2.在one+in/of/out of等引導的結構中，一般采用語法一致原則，動詞用單數(shù)。

　　One of the most interesting stories was told by a boy of eight.

　　One out of ten is certainly wrong.

　　3.在one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句中，常采用就近一致原則，除非one前有 the only/ exactly/ very等副詞。

　　She is one of the best students who have been praised.

　　He is the only one of the men who knows her.

　　4.由each… and…., every… and…, each… and…each…, every… and every…作主語時，動詞用單數(shù)。

　　Every man and (every) woman in the village is a faithful supporter of the economic reform. 這個村的每一個男女村民都是經(jīng)濟改革的忠實支持者。

　　5.表示時間、距離、重量、金錢或計量的復數(shù)名詞，當句子的意思是指總數(shù)時，動詞用單數(shù)。

　　Three pints isn’t enough for me to drink.

　　Four thousand pounds is a large sum. (Thousands of/millions of …. +　復數(shù)動詞)

　　6.a lot of (lots of), the majority of + 單數(shù)名詞，動詞用單數(shù)，接復數(shù)名詞，動詞用復數(shù)。

　　A lot of money has been saved up.

　　Lots of problems are caused by unemployment.

　　The majority of the damage is easier to repair.

　　The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.

　　7.a large quantity of + 單數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞

　　a large quantity of + 復數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞

　　但great/large/huge/quantities of + 不可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞

　　Quantities of food were on the table.

　　There is only a small quantity of money left.

　　8.Many a … 或more than one + 單數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞(many a… and many a…; every… and every …; each …and each… + 單數(shù)動詞)

　　There is more than one possible explanation.

　　Many a plant and many an animal has been divided.

　　During the Second World War, every man and every woman and every child in that village was killed by Japanese soldiers. 在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)時期，這村子里的男女老少全被日本鬼子殺害了。

　　9.half of/rest of/plenty of + 單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞，而后如為復數(shù)名詞則動詞為復數(shù)動詞形式。

　　Half of our work has been finished.

　　Half of the books are English novels.

　　10.a portion of, a series of, a flock of, a herd of, a school of等，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

　　A flock of sheep is on the hillside.

　　A portion of the manuscript is illegible. 這手稿的一部分不易辯讀。

　　There are plenty of natural resources waiting to be explored.

　　11.某些集體名詞如：cattle, clergy, police, militia, poultry等后面的謂語動詞用復數(shù)。

　　These cattle are from Holland.

　　The clergy are opposed to the plan.

　　12.English, Chinese, French等指語言時，謂語用單數(shù);指人民時，謂語用復數(shù)。

　　English is very difficult to learn.

　　The Chinese are very hospitable. 中國人十分好客。