點(diǎn)擊查看：2018年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀100篇
To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf’s assertion that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally.A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology;they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire(變得混亂) and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades. and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do.There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was a revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the struccure of American fife, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. n is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.
1. A spear or a robot has the quality of technology only when it_____________.
A) is used both as a cultural and a physical object
B) serves different purposes equally well
C) is utilized by man
D) can be of use co both man and animal
2. The examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl cited by the author serve to show that_________________.
A) if not given close examination, technology could be used to destroy our world
B) technology is a human creation, so we are responsible for it
C) technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by man
D) being a human creation. technology is liable to error
3. According to the author. the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because__________________.
A) the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mind
B) the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people before
C) it has helped to switch to an information technology
D) it has a great potential impact on society
4. By using the phrase "the human quality of technology" (Line 7, Para. 2), the author refersto the fact that technology_______________.
A) has a great impact on human life
B) has some characteristics of human nature
C) can replace some aspects of the human mind
D) does not exist in the natural world
5. The passage is based on the author's_______________.
A) keen insight into the nature of technology
B) prejudiced criticism of the role of the Industrial Revolution
C) cautious analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computers
D) exaggerated description of the negative consequences of technology
答案：
1.長(zhǎng)矛和機(jī)器人只有在什么時(shí)候才有技術(shù)含量?
A)它們被用作文化和物理實(shí)體的時(shí)候。
B)它們能同樣滿足不同的需要的時(shí)候。
C)它們被人類所利用的時(shí)候。
D)它們可以被人類和動(dòng)物所利用的時(shí)候。
[C]第2段第3句提到，除非人們用矛去捕獲獵物或用機(jī)器人去生產(chǎn)機(jī)器零件，否則二者都只不過(guò)是硬梆梆的物體而已。也就是說(shuō)只有這些東西為人類所用的時(shí)候，它們才具有科技含量，C正確。其他選項(xiàng)利用原文個(gè)別信息，胡亂拼湊而成，不符題意。
2.作者引述了挑戰(zhàn)者和切諾比的例子是為了論證_________________。
A)如果技術(shù)沒有經(jīng)過(guò)嚴(yán)密的檢查，就告被用來(lái)摧毀我們的世界
B)技術(shù)是人類創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的，所以我們應(yīng)該對(duì)它們負(fù)責(zé)
C)技術(shù)如果不受人類控制的話通常會(huì)出問(wèn)題
D)技術(shù)是人類創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的，容易出錯(cuò)
[D]根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞the Challenger and Chernobyl查找到第2段第5句。該句提到，美國(guó)挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)航天飛機(jī)的爆炸以及俄羅斯切爾諾貝利核泄露事件徹底暴露了技術(shù)的人為性特征。也就是說(shuō)技術(shù)是人為創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的，容易出問(wèn)題,D正確。B雖然文中有所提及，卻不是作者舉例要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題，A.C在原文中找不到依據(jù)。
3.作者認(rèn)為，電腦的引入是一種革命，主要的原因是____。
A)電腦大大改變了人類的工作
B)電腦現(xiàn)在可以做以前只能由人來(lái)做的工作
C)電腦幫助促成了信息技術(shù)
D)電腦對(duì)社會(huì)有很大的潛在影響力
[D]第3段倒數(shù)第2句提到，工業(yè)革命之所以是一場(chǎng)革命，原因不在于機(jī)器的革新，主要原因是工業(yè)革命引發(fā)了巨大的社會(huì)變化，因此D正確。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)為這一變化的某一具體表現(xiàn)，不夠全面，因此排除。
4.作者使用了“技術(shù)的人為性”(第2段第7行)，指的是技術(shù)____。
A)能對(duì)人類生活產(chǎn)生很大的影響
B)有著一些人性的特點(diǎn)
C)可以取代人類思維的某些方面
D)在自然世界中不存在
[B]根據(jù)題干查找到第2段，本詞組所在句以兩個(gè)技術(shù)事件說(shuō)明技術(shù)的人為性特征，即技術(shù)同人性一樣，存在弱點(diǎn)，B正確。
5.文章是建立在作者_(dá)___的基礎(chǔ)之上的。
A)對(duì)于技術(shù)本質(zhì)的精辟洞察力
B)對(duì)于工業(yè)革命作用帶有偏見的批判
C)對(duì)干人類思維被電腦取代的謹(jǐn)慎分析
D)對(duì)技術(shù)的負(fù)面影響的夸張描述
[A]本題可用排除法。B中的“批判”，C中的“人類思維被電腦取代”在原文找不到作者的相關(guān)觀點(diǎn);雖然文中提及科技帶來(lái)負(fù)面的東西，卻沒有對(duì)技術(shù)的負(fù)面影響進(jìn)行夸大的描述，此三項(xiàng)均可排除，A正確。
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